Deoxyuridine 5'-Triphosphate Nucleotidohydrolase, Mitochondrial (DUT) ELISA Kit for Human

This gene encodes an essential enzyme of nucleotide metabolism. The encoded protein forms a ubiquitous, homotetrameric enzyme that hydrolyzes dUTP to dUMP and pyrophosphate. This reaction serves two cellular purposes: providing a precursor (dUMP) for the synthesis of thymine nucleotides needed for DNA replication, and limiting intracellular pools of dUTP. Elevated levels of dUTP lead to increased incorporation of uracil into DNA, which induces extensive excision repair mediated by uracil glycosylase. This repair process, resulting in the removal and reincorporation of dUTP, is self-defeating and leads to DNA fragmentation and cell death. Alternative splicing of this gene leads to different isoforms that localize to either the mitochondrion or nucleus. A related pseudogene is located on chromosome 19. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

dUTPase: This enzyme is involved in nucleotide metabolism: it produces dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides and it decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA. Belongs to the dUTPase family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Hydrolase; DNA replication; Mitochondrial; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; EC 3.6.1.23; Nucleotide Metabolism - pyrimidine

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q21.1

Cellular Component: mitochondrion; nucleoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: dUTP diphosphatase activity; magnesium ion binding; protein binding

Biological Process: DNA replication; dUMP biosynthetic process; dUTP catabolic process; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process; nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process; pyrimidine base metabolic process; pyrimidine nucleoside biosynthetic process