Apelin (APLN) ELISA Kit for Rat

This gene encodes a peptide that functions as an endogenous ligand for the G-protein coupled apelin receptor. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed into biologically active C-terminal peptide fragments. These peptide fragments activate different tissue specific signaling pathways that regulate diverse biological functions including fluid homeostasis, cardiovascular function and insulin secretion. This protein also functions as a coreceptor for the human immunodeficiency virus 1. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

apelin: Endogenous ligand for APJ, an alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. Inhibits HIV-1 entry in cells coexpressing CD4 and APJ. Apelin-36 has a greater inhibitory activity on HIV infection than other synthetic apelin derivatives. The oral intake in the colostrum and the milk could have a role in the modulation of the immune responses in neonates. May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing AVP release and drinking behavior. Belongs to the apelin family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xq25

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space; perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Molecular Function: apelin receptor binding; G-protein-coupled receptor binding; hormone activity; receptor binding

Biological Process: drinking behavior; immune response; lactation; negative regulation of blood pressure; negative regulation of vasoconstriction; positive regulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion; positive regulation of heat generation; positive regulation of phosphorylation; positive regulation of vasodilation; regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange; regulation of the force of heart contraction; signal transduction