Cytochrome P450, Family 1, Subfamily A, Polypeptide 2 (CYP1A2) ELISA Kit for Human

This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of which are found in cigarette smoke. The enzyme's endogenous substrate is unknown; however, it is able to metabolize some PAHs to carcinogenic intermediates. Other xenobiotic substrates for this enzyme include caffeine, aflatoxin B1, and acetaminophen. The transcript from this gene contains four Alu sequences flanked by direct repeats in the 3' untranslated region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CYP1A2: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O- deethylation of phenacetin. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Xenobiotic Metabolism - drug metabolism - cytochrome P450; Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450; Secondary Metabolites Metabolism - caffeine; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - retinol; Amino Acid Metabolism - tryptophan; Lipid Metabolism - linoleic acid; EC 1.14.14.1; Oxidoreductase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q24.1

Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane; intracellular membrane-bound organelle

Molecular Function: demethylase activity; electron carrier activity; enzyme binding; heme binding; iron ion binding; monooxygenase activity; oxidoreductase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen

Biological Process: alkaloid metabolic process; arachidonic acid metabolic process; cellular respiration; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process; drug catabolic process; drug metabolic process; epoxygenase P450 pathway; exogenous drug catabolic process; heterocycle metabolic process; hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process; lung development; methylation; monocarboxylic acid metabolic process; monoterpenoid metabolic process; porphyrin metabolic process; post-embryonic development; regulation of gene expression; response to estradiol stimulus; response to lipopolysaccharide; steroid catabolic process; toxin biosynthetic process; xenobiotic metabolic process