Metastasis-Suppressor Kiss-1 (KISS1) ELISA Kit for Human

This gene is a metastasis suppressor gene that suppresses metastases of melanomas and breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity. The encoded protein may inhibit chemotaxis and invasion and thereby attenuate metastasis in malignant melanomas. Studies suggest a putative role in the regulation of events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. A protein product of this gene, kisspeptin, stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced gonadotropin secretion and regulates the pubertal activation of GnRH nuerons. A polymorphism in the terminal exon of this mRNA results in two protein isoforms. An adenosine present at the polymorphic site represents the third position in a stop codon. When the adenosine is absent, a downstream stop codon is utilized and the encoded protein extends for an additional seven amino acid residues. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

KiSS-1: Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell- matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast. Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts. Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine- tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood. Belongs to the KISS1 family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Cell adhesion

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q32

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; cell soma; cytosol; extracellular region; extracellular space; neuron projection

Molecular Function: kisspeptin receptor binding; protein binding

Biological Process: cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration during G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating); generation of ovulation cycle rhythm; negative regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of growth hormone secretion; positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of synaptic transmission

Disease: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism 13 With Or Without Anosmia