Beta-Catenin (CTNNB1) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is part of a complex of proteins that constitute adherens junctions (AJs). AJs are necessary for the creation and maintenance of epithelial cell layers by regulating cell growth and adhesion between cells. The encoded protein also anchors the actin cytoskeleton and may be responsible for transmitting the contact inhibition signal that causes cells to stop dividing once the epithelial sheet is complete. Finally, this protein binds to the product of the APC gene, which is mutated in adenomatous polyposis of the colon. Mutations in this gene are a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC), pilomatrixoma (PTR), medulloblastoma (MDB), and ovarian cancer. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

CTNNB1: a regulator of cell adhesion and a key downstream effector in the Wnt signaling pathway. Implicated early embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Phosphorylated and destabilized by CK1 and GSK-3beta. Stabilized cytoplasmic beta-catenin is a hallmark of a variety of cancers. Stabilized beta-catenin translocates to the nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional activator of T-cell factor (TCF)-regulated genes. Interacts with the PDZ domain of TAX1BP3, inhibiting its transcriptional activity. Two alternatively spliced human isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Transcription factor; Oncoprotein; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Actin-binding; Cell adhesion

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21

Cellular Component: adherens junction; apical part of cell; basolateral plasma membrane; beta-catenin destruction complex; catenin complex; cell cortex; cell junction; cell-cell adherens junction; centrosome; cytoplasm; cytosol; dendritic shaft; fascia adherens; flotillin complex; focal adhesion; intercellular junction; lamellipodium; lateral plasma membrane; membrane; microvillus membrane; nucleoplasm; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane; protein complex; spindle pole; synapse; tight junction; transcription factor complex; Z disc

Molecular Function: alpha-catenin binding; androgen receptor binding; cadherin binding; double-stranded DNA binding; enzyme binding; estrogen receptor binding; ionotropic glutamate receptor binding; kinase binding; nitric-oxide synthase binding; nuclear hormone receptor binding; protein binding; protein C-terminus binding; protein complex binding; protein kinase binding; protein phosphatase binding; signal transducer activity; SMAD binding; transcription coactivator activity; transcription factor activity; transcription factor binding

Biological Process: androgen receptor signaling pathway; anterior/posterior axis specification; bone resorption; cell adhesion; cell fate specification; cell maturation; cell-cell adhesion; cell-matrix adhesion; central nervous system vasculogenesis; chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription; dorsal/ventral axis specification; ectoderm development; embryonic axis specification; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; embryonic digit morphogenesis; embryonic foregut morphogenesis; embryonic forelimb morphogenesis; embryonic heart tube development; embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis; endodermal cell fate commitment; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; fallopian tube development; gastrulation with mouth forming second; genitalia morphogenesis; glial cell fate determination; hair cell differentiation; hair follicle morphogenesis; hindbrain development; in utero embryonic development; layer formation in the cerebral cortex; lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye; liver development; male genitalia development; midbrain development; midgut development; myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic; negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation; negative regulation of protein sumoylation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; neural plate development; neuron migration; odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; oocyte development; osteoclast differentiation; pancreas development; patterning of blood vessels; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation; positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of interferon type I production; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation; positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of skeletal muscle development; positive regulation of telomerase activity; positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein heterooligomerization; proximal/distal pattern formation; regulation of angiogenesis; regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion; regulation of fibroblast proliferation; regulation of myelination; regulation of neurogenesis; regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; regulation of T cell proliferation; response to activity; response to cadmium ion; response to cytokine stimulus; response to drug; response to estradiol stimulus; Schwann cell proliferation; smooth muscle cell differentiation; stem cell maintenance; synapse organization and biogenesis; synaptic transmission; synaptic vesicle transport; T cell differentiation in the thymus; thymus development; transcription, DNA-dependent; ureteric bud branching; Wnt receptor signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin; Wnt receptor signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

Disease: Colorectal Cancer; Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Mental Retardation, Autosomal Dominant 19; Ovarian Cancer; Pilomatrixoma