MDC1 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene contains an N-terminal forkhead domain, two BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) motifs and a central domain with 7 divergent copies of an approximately 41-amino acid sequence. The encoded protein is required to activate the intra-S phase and G2/M phase cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA damage. This nuclear protein interacts with phosphorylated histone H2AX near sites of DNA double-strand breaks through its BRCT motifs, and facilitates recruitment of the ATM kinase and meiotic recombination 11 protein complex to DNA damage foci. Mice with mutations in this gene exhibit growth retardation, male infertility, immune defects, chromosome instability, DNA repair defects, and radiation sensitivity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MDC1: Required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage within both the S phase and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. May serve as a scaffold for the recruitment of DNA repair and signal transduction proteins to discrete foci of DNA damage marked by 'Ser-139' phosphorylation of histone H2AFX. Also required for downstream events subsequent to the recruitment of these proteins. These include phosphorylation and activation of the ATM, CHEK1 and CHEK2 kinases, and stabilization of TP53 and apoptosis. ATM and CHEK2 may also be activated independently by a parallel pathway mediated by TP53BP1. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Cell cycle regulation

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; focal adhesion; chromosome; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein C-terminus binding

Biological Process: cell cycle; DNA repair; response to DNA damage stimulus