Erk1/2 (MAPK3) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

ERK1: a serine/threonine kinase of the GMGC group that plays a critical role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. ERK1 (MAPK3) and ERK2 (MAPK1) play central roles in MAPK cascades and are activated by a wide variety of extracellular signals including growth and neurotrophic factors, cytokines, hormones and neurotransmitters. Depending on the cellular context, MAPK cascades mediate diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. MAPK cascades also plays a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. Activation of MAP kinases occurs through phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine residues at the sequence T*EY* by upstream MAP kinase kinases, MEK1 and -2. Phosphorylation of both the threonine and tyrosine are required for activity. This phosphorylation causes dramatic conformational changes, which enable full activation and interaction of MAPK1/ERK2 with its substrates.

Protein type: EC 2.7.11.24; Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Protein kinase, CMGC; CMGC group; MAPK family; MAPK/ERK subfamily; ERK subfamily

Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; protein complex; focal adhesion; mitochondrion; early endosome; nuclear envelope; pseudopodium; caveola; cytosol; microtubule cytoskeleton; nucleoplasm; cytoskeleton; late endosome; cytoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: MAP kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; phosphotyrosine binding; ATP binding; phosphatase binding; protein kinase activity

Biological Process: positive regulation of histone phosphorylation; transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of translation; DNA damage induced protein phosphorylation; apoptosis; response to toxin; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; MAPKKK cascade; response to lipopolysaccharide; sensory perception of pain; protein amino acid phosphorylation; BMP signaling pathway; regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; nuclear translocation of MAPK; organ morphogenesis; response to exogenous dsRNA; regulation of transcription factor activity; cartilage development; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; arachidonic acid metabolic process; positive regulation of histone acetylation; protein complex assembly; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; phosphorylation; response to DNA damage stimulus; regulation of cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis