Kalirin (KALRN) Antibody – Polyclonal

Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of striatal neurons, is caused by an expansion of a polyglutamine tract in the HD protein huntingtin. This gene encodes a protein that interacts with the huntingtin-associated protein 1, which is a huntingtin binding protein that may function in vesicle trafficking. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

kalirin: a bifunctional enzyme with protein kinase activity and guanine-exchange factor (GEF) activity. A protein kinase of the CAMK group. Activates specific Rho GTPase family members, thereby inducing various signaling mechanisms that regulate neuronal shape, growth, and plasticity, through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Induces lamellipodia independent of its GEF activity. Genetic variants are associated with susceptibility to coronary heart disease type 5 (CHDS5), a multifactorial disease characterized by an imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the coronary vessels to supply sufficient blood flow. Interacts with the C-terminal of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) and with the huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) Interacts with FASLG. The two GEF domains catalyze nucleotide exchange for RAC1 and RhoA which are bound by DH1 and DH2 respectively. The two GEF domains appear to play differing roles in neuronal development and axonal outgrowth. SH3 1 binds to the first GEF domain inhibiting GEF activity only when in the presence of a PXXP peptide, suggesting that the SH3 domain/peptide interaction mediates binding to GEF1. CRK1 SH3 domain binds to and inhibits GEF1 activity. 6 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. Isoform 2 is brain specific and is highly expressed in cerebral cortex, putamen, amygdala, hippocampus and caudate nucleus. Weakly expressed in brain stem and cerebellum. Isoform 4 is expressed in skeletal muscle.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; GEFs, Rac/Rho; Protein kinase, CAMK; GEFs; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); EC 2.7.11.1; CAMK group; Trio family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3q21.2

Cellular Component: cytosol; actin cytoskeleton

Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; protein binding; metal ion binding; guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: vesicle-mediated transport; axon guidance; nervous system development; regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of apoptosis; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction; protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of GTPase activity

Disease: Coronary Heart Disease, Susceptibility To, 5