CTNNB1 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is part of a complex of proteins that constitute adherens junctions (AJs). AJs are necessary for the creation and maintenance of epithelial cell layers by regulating cell growth and adhesion between cells. The encoded protein also anchors the actin cytoskeleton and may be responsible for transmitting the contact inhibition signal that causes cells to stop dividing once the epithelial sheet is complete. Finally, this protein binds to the product of the APC gene, which is mutated in adenomatous polyposis of the colon. Mutations in this gene are a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC), pilomatrixoma (PTR), medulloblastoma (MDB), and ovarian cancer. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

CTNNB1: a regulator of cell adhesion and a key downstream effector in the Wnt signaling pathway. Implicated early embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Phosphorylated and destabilized by CK1 and GSK-3beta. Stabilized cytoplasmic beta-catenin is a hallmark of a variety of cancers. Stabilized beta-catenin translocates to the nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional activator of T-cell factor (TCF)-regulated genes. Interacts with the PDZ domain of TAX1BP3, inhibiting its transcriptional activity. Two alternatively spliced human isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Transcription factor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Actin-binding; Cell adhesion; Oncoprotein

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21

Cellular Component: centrosome; basolateral plasma membrane; fascia adherens; intercellular junction; beta-catenin destruction complex; cytosol; transcription factor complex; cell-cell adherens junction; membrane; lamellipodium; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; synapse; dendritic shaft; lateral plasma membrane; spindle pole; focal adhesion; tight junction; catenin complex; cell cortex; Z disc; nucleoplasm; adherens junction; microvillus membrane; apical part of cell; plasma membrane; cell junction; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein C-terminus binding; transcription coactivator activity; protein phosphatase binding; transcription factor binding; ionotropic glutamate receptor binding; signal transducer activity; protein binding; enzyme binding; androgen receptor binding; cadherin binding; double-stranded DNA binding; protein complex binding; estrogen receptor binding; nitric-oxide synthase binding; SMAD binding; transcription factor activity; kinase binding; alpha-catenin binding; nuclear hormone receptor binding

Biological Process: regulation of myelination; regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion; positive regulation of apoptosis; protein heterooligomerization; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; regulation of fibroblast proliferation; cell maturation; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; T cell differentiation in the thymus; positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin; osteoclast differentiation; cell-cell adhesion; positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation; embryonic foregut morphogenesis; regulation of cell fate specification; positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation; male genitalia development; ectoderm development; synapse organization and biogenesis; cell adhesion; bone resorption; response to drug; positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; transcription, DNA-dependent; hair cell differentiation; negative regulation of protein sumoylation; genitalia morphogenesis; patterning of blood vessels; muscle cell differentiation; midgut development; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; smooth muscle cell differentiation; embryonic digit morphogenesis; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; oocyte development; embryonic forelimb morphogenesis; negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation; glial cell fate determination; endodermal cell fate commitment; apoptosis; cell-matrix adhesion; neuron migration; dorsal/ventral axis specification; cell fate specification; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis; response to estradiol stimulus; negative regulation of cell proliferation; central nervous system vasculogenesis; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; pancreas development; positive regulation of interferon type I production; fallopian tube development; proximal/distal pattern formation; layer formation in the cerebral cortex; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic; cell structure disassembly during apoptosis; Wnt receptor signaling pathway; hair follicle morphogenesis; thymus development; in utero embryonic development; stem cell maintenance; neural plate development; embryonic axis specification; regulation of T cell proliferation; synaptic vesicle transport; gastrulation with mouth forming second; liver development; regulation of angiogenesis; odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; Schwann cell proliferation; response to cadmium ion; ureteric bud branching; response to cytokine stimulus; androgen receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation; embryonic heart tube development; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye; anterior/posterior axis specification

Disease: Pilomatrixoma; Mental Retardation, Autosomal Dominant 19; Ovarian Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Hepatocellular Carcinoma