POLR2B Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that catalyzes the transcription of DNA into precursors of mRNA, snRNA and microRNA. This subunit and the largest subunit form opposite sides of the center cleft of Pol II. Deletion of the flap loop region of this subunit results in a decrease in the rate of transcriptional elongation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

POLR2B: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.

Protein type: Nucleotide Metabolism - pyrimidine; RNA splicing; Transcription initiation complex; EC 2.7.7.6; Transferase; RNA processing; RNA-binding; Nucleotide Metabolism - purine

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q12

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; membrane; DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein binding; DNA binding; ribonucleoside binding; metal ion binding; chromatin binding

Biological Process: nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; mRNA capping; viral reproduction; somatic stem cell maintenance; nucleotide-excision repair; positive regulation of viral transcription; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; RNA splicing; RNA elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; gene expression; DNA repair