Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the glutathione peroxidase protein family. Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxide, and lipid peroxides by reduced glutathione and functions in the protection of cells against oxidative damage. Human plasma glutathione peroxidase has been shown to be a selenium-containing enzyme and the UGA codon is translated into a selenocysteine. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to serve dual functions as a peroxidase as well as a structural protein in mature spermatozoa. Through alternative splicing and transcription initiation, rat produces proteins that localize to the nucleus, mitochondrion, and cytoplasm. In humans, alternative transcription initiation and the cleavage sites of the mitochondrial and nuclear transit peptides need to be experimentally verified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

GPX4: Protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. Required for normal sperm development and male fertility. Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage. Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative initiation.

Protein type: Oxidoreductase; Nuclear envelope; Mitochondrial; Other Amino Acids Metabolism - glutathione; Lipid Metabolism - arachidonic acid; EC 1.11.1.12

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.3

Cellular Component: mitochondrion; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: selenium binding; glutathione binding; phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity; glutathione peroxidase activity

Biological Process: glutathione metabolic process; lipoxygenase pathway; hydrogen peroxide catabolic process; phospholipid metabolic process; multicellular organismal development; regulation of inflammatory response; arachidonic acid metabolic process; response to oxidative stress; response to estradiol stimulus; aging