Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPX1) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the glutathione peroxidase family. Glutathione peroxidase functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in humans. This protein is one of only a few proteins known in higher vertebrates to contain selenocysteine, which occurs at the active site of glutathione peroxidase and is coded by UGA, that normally functions as a translation termination codon. In addition, this protein is characterized in a polyalanine sequence polymorphism in the N-terminal region, which includes three alleles with five, six or seven alanine (ALA) repeats in this sequence. The allele with five ALA repeats is significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GPX1: Protects the hemoglobin in erythrocytes from oxidative breakdown. Homotetramer. Interacts with MIEN1. Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.

Protein type: Lipid Metabolism - arachidonic acid; Other Amino Acids Metabolism - glutathione; EC 1.11.1.9; Oxidoreductase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21.3

Cellular Component: mitochondrion; mitochondrial matrix; cytoplasm; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: selenium binding; glutathione binding; phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity; glutathione peroxidase activity; SH3 domain binding

Biological Process: response to nicotine; fat cell differentiation; blood vessel endothelial cell migration; response to toxin; myoblast proliferation; skeletal muscle fiber development; negative regulation of caspase activity; thermoregulation; vasodilation; regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; endothelial cell development; response to estradiol stimulus; regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation; response to selenium ion; sensory perception of sound; glutathione metabolic process; UV protection; response to symbiotic bacterium; lipoxygenase pathway; hydrogen peroxide catabolic process; response to folic acid; regulation of neuron apoptosis; response to glucose stimulus; arachidonic acid metabolic process; response to gamma radiation; negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; aging; protein amino acid oxidation; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process; skeletal muscle regeneration; angiogenesis involved in wound healing; purine base metabolic process; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; response to xenobiotic stimulus; response to reactive oxygen species; triacylglycerol metabolic process; response to hydrogen peroxide; heart contraction; cell redox homeostasis; response to lipid hydroperoxide; purine nucleotide catabolic process; interaction with symbiont; induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress

Disease: Glutathione Peroxidase Deficiency