Histone H3 (HIST1H3A) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

H3: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Belongs to the histone H3 family.

Protein type: DNA-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p22.2

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nuclear chromosome; protein complex; membrane; extracellular region; nucleosome; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein binding; DNA binding; histone binding; protein heterodimerization activity

Biological Process: chromatin silencing at rDNA; nucleosome assembly; establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; protein heterotetramerization; gene expression; blood coagulation; DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly; DNA methylation on cytosine; regulation of gene expression, epigenetic