CXCR4 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

CXCR4: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival. Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus. Monomer. Can form dimers. Interacts with CD164. Interacts with HIV-1 surface protein gp120 and Tat. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with ARRC; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and modulates calcium mobilization. Interacts (via the cytoplasmic C-terminal) with ITCH (via the WW domains I and II); the interaction, enhanced by CXCL12, ubiquitinates CXCR4 and leads to its degradation. Interacts with extracellular ubiquitin. Interacts with human cytomegalovirus/HHV- 5 protein UL78. Expressed in numerous tissues, such as peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, spinal cord, heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, cerebellum, cerebral cortex and medulla (in microglia as well as in astrocytes), brain microvascular, coronary artery and umbilical cord endothelial cells. Isoform 1 is predominant in all tissues tested. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: GPCR, family 1; Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Receptor, GPCR

Cellular Component: cell surface; lysosome; leading edge; early endosome; cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicle; integral to membrane; intercellular junction; growth cone; membrane; late endosome; plasma membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; cell junction; endosome; external side of plasma membrane

Molecular Function: G-protein coupled receptor activity; signal transducer activity; protein binding; ubiquitin binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; cytokine binding; chemokine receptor activity; myosin light chain binding; drug binding; actin binding; C-X-C chemokine receptor activity

Biological Process: nervous system development; cell migration; regulation of chemotaxis; neutrophil activation; calcium-mediated signaling; neuron migration; motor axon guidance; regulation of programmed cell death; regulation of calcium ion transport; signal transduction; chemotaxis; regulation of cell migration; germ cell development; T cell proliferation; patterning of blood vessels; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; organ morphogenesis; ameboidal cell migration; myelin maintenance; germ cell migration; epithelial cell development; brain development; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; cardiac muscle contraction; telencephalon cell migration