HMG-Coa Reductase Catalytic Domain (HMGCR) Recombinant Protein

HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis and is regulated via a negative feedback mechanism mediated by sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate, the product of the reaction catalyzed by reductase. Normally in mammalian cells this enzyme is suppressed by cholesterol derived from the internalization and degradation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) via the LDL receptor. Competitive inhibitors of the reductase induce the expression of LDL receptors in the liver, which in turn increases the catabolism of plasma LDL and lowers the plasma concentration of cholesterol, an important determinant of atherosclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

HMGCR: the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis. Regulated via a negative feedback mechanism mediated by sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate, the product of the reaction catalyzed by this reductase. Normally in mammalian cells this enzyme is suppressed by cholesterol derived from the internalization and degradation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) via the LDL receptor. Competitive inhibitors of the reductase induce the expression of LDL receptors in the liver, which in turn increases the catabolism of plasma LDL and lowers the plasma concentration of cholesterol, an important determinant of atherosclerosis.

Protein type: Membrane protein, multi-pass; Endoplasmic reticulum; EC 1.1.1.34; Secondary Metabolites Metabolism - terpenoid backbone biosynthesis; Membrane protein, integral; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Oxidoreductase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q13.3-q14

Cellular Component: peroxisomal membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; integral to membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity; coenzyme binding

Biological Process: coenzyme A metabolic process; myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; ubiquinone metabolic process; response to ethanol; isoprenoid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of vasodilation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; visual learning; positive regulation of skeletal muscle development; cellular lipid metabolic process; cholesterol biosynthetic process; protein tetramerization; response to nutrient; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; aging