HCC-1 (CCL14) Active Protein

This gene, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14, is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on 17q11.2. The CC cytokines are secreted proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene induces changes in intracellular calcium concentration and enzyme release in monocytes. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Read-through transcripts are also expressed that include exons from the upstream cytokine gene, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15, and are represented as GeneID: 348249. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

CCL14: Has weak activities on human monocytes and acts via receptors that also recognize MIP-1 alpha. It induced intracellular Ca(2+) changes and enzyme release, but no chemotaxis, at concentrations of 100-1,000 nM, and was inactive on T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophil leukocytes. Enhances the proliferation of CD34 myeloid progenitor cells. The processed form HCC-1(9-74) is a chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes eosinophils, and T-cells and is a ligand for CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q12

Cellular Component: extracellular space

Molecular Function: chemokine activity

Biological Process: cellular calcium ion homeostasis; positive regulation of cell proliferation; immune response