CD4 Antibody – Monoclonal

This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]

CD4: Accessory protein for MHC class-II antigen/T-cell receptor interaction. May regulate T-cell activation. Induces the aggregation of lipid rafts. Associates with LCK. Binds to HIV-1 gp120 and to P4HB/PDI and upon HIV-1 binding to the cell membrane, is part of P4HB/PDI- CD4-CXCR4-gp120 complex. Interacts with HIV-1 Envelope polyprotein gp160 and protein Vpu. Interacts with Human Herpes virus 7 capsid proteins. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1; this interaction requires the presence of HIV-1 gp120.

Protein type: Cell surface; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12p13.31

Cellular Component: clathrin coated vesicle membrane; early endosome; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; external side of plasma membrane; integral to plasma membrane; lipid raft; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: enzyme binding; glycoprotein binding; interleukin-16 binding; interleukin-16 receptor activity; MHC class II protein binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein kinase binding; receptor activity; transmembrane receptor activity; zinc ion binding

Biological Process: cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; entry into host cell; enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway; induction by virus of cell-cell fusion in host; maintenance of cellular protein localization; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of kinase activity; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of monocyte differentiation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein kinase activity; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of virion penetration into host cell; regulation of calcium ion transport; regulation of defense response to virus by virus; regulation of T cell activation; signal transduction; T cell costimulation; T cell differentiation; T cell receptor signaling pathway; T cell selection; viral envelope fusion with host membrane

Disease: Okt4 Epitope Deficiency