ANGPTL-3 (GPC2) Active Protein

This gene encodes a member of a family of secreted proteins that function in angiogenesis. The encoded protein, which is expressed predominantly in the liver, is further processed into an N-terminal coiled-coil domain-containing chain and a C-terminal fibrinogen chain. The N-terminal chain is important for lipid metablism, while the C-terminal chain may be involved in angiogenesis. Mutations in this gene cause familial hypobetalipoproteinemia type 2. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2013]

ANGPTL3: Defects in ANGPTL3 are the cause of familial hypobetalipoproteinemia type 2 (FHBL2); also called combined hypobetalipoproteinemia familial. FHBL2 is a disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by less than 5th percentile age- and sex-specific levels of low density lipoproteins, and dietary fat malabsorption. Affected individuals present with combined hypolipidemia, consisting of extremely low plasma levels of LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides.

Protein type: Secreted; Cell adhesion; Inhibitor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p31.3

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface

Molecular Function: integrin binding; enzyme inhibitor activity; phospholipase inhibitor activity; growth factor activity

Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway; cholesterol metabolic process; phospholipid catabolic process; glycerol metabolic process; cell-matrix adhesion; lipid homeostasis; positive regulation of lipid catabolic process; fatty acid metabolic process; signal transduction; sequestering of lipid; positive regulation of angiogenesis; cholesterol homeostasis; acylglycerol homeostasis; phospholipid metabolic process; artery morphogenesis; negative regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity; positive regulation of cell migration; phospholipid homeostasis

Disease: Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, 2