RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) ELISA Kit for Human

This gene encodes a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. It is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regular of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

REST: a transcriptional repressor that binds neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE) and represses neuronal gene transcription in non-neuronal cells during embryonic development. Induced during ageing in human cortical and hippocampal neurons, where it represses genes that promote cell death and induces the expression of stress response genes. Protects neurons from amyloid beta- and oxidative stress-induced toxicity. The deletion of REST in the mouse brain induces age-related neurodegeneration. Restricts the expression of neuronal genes by associating with two distinct corepressors, SIN3A and RCOR1, which in turn recruit histone deacetylase to the promoters of REST-regulated genes. Mediates repression by recruiting the BHC complex at NRSE sites which acts by deacetylating and demethylating specific sites on histones, thereby acting as a chromatin modifier. REST activates DYRK1A transcription via a neuron-restricted silencer element in the DYRK1A promoter. Four isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Cell development/differentiation; Transcription factor; DNA-binding; C2H2-type zinc finger protein

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q12

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; transcriptional repressor complex; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein binding; outward rectifier potassium channel activity; metal ion binding; chromatin binding; transcription factor binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of cell proliferation; establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; negative regulation of neuron differentiation; negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process; positive regulation of caspase activity; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of neurogenesis; negative regulation of insulin secretion