Apolipoprotein B-48 (ApoB48) ELISA Kit for Rat

This gene product is the main apolipoprotein of chylomicrons and low density lipoproteins. It occurs in plasma as two main isoforms, apoB-L and apoB-H. Unlike the apoB-48 and apoB-100 structural equivalents in human, which are synthesized exclusively in the gut and liver, respectively, the rat apoBL isoform is also found in rat liver. The intestinal and the hepatic forms of apoB are encoded by a single gene from a single, very long mRNA. The two isoforms share a common N-terminal sequence. The shorter apoB-L protein is produced after RNA editing of the apoB-H transcript at residue 2180 (CAA->UAA), resulting in the creation of a stop codon, and early translation termination. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

APOB: Apolipoprotein B is a major protein constituent of chylomicrons (apo B-48), LDL (apo B-100) and VLDL (apo B-100). Apo B-100 functions as a recognition signal for the cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles by the apoB/E receptor. Defects in APOB are a cause of familial hypobetalipoproteinemia type 1 (FHBL1). A disorder characterized by highly reduced plasma concentrations of low density lipoproteins, and dietary fat malabsorption. Clinical presentation may vary from no symptoms to severe gastrointestinal and neurological dysfunction similar to abetalipoproteinemia. Defects in APOB are a cause of familial ligand-defective apolipoprotein B-100 (FDB). FDB is a dominantly inherited disorder of lipoprotein metabolism leading to hypercholesterolemia and increased proneness to coronary artery disease (CAD). The plasma cholesterol levels are dramatically elevated due to impaired clearance of LDL particles by defective APOB/E receptors. Defects in APOB associated with defects in other genes (polygenic) can contribute to hypocholesterolemia.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Carrier; Secreted

Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; extracellular space; chylomicron; cell soma; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; endoplasmic reticulum; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; vesicle membrane; actin cytoskeleton

Molecular Function: heparin binding; lipid transporter activity; protein binding; low-density lipoprotein receptor binding; cholesterol transporter activity; phospholipid binding; lipid binding

Biological Process: lipoprotein catabolic process; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to carbohydrate stimulus; post-embryonic development; response to organic substance; response to selenium ion; triacylglycerol catabolic process; nervous system development; cholesterol metabolic process; cholesterol transport; in utero embryonic development; regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process; response to virus; cholesterol efflux; lipoprotein metabolic process; lipid transport; sperm motility; cholesterol homeostasis; fertilization; lipoprotein transport; lipoprotein biosynthetic process; artery morphogenesis; spermatogenesis; lipid metabolic process; triacylglycerol mobilization; lipid catabolic process