DNA Repair Protein Complementing Xp-G Cells (ERCC5) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a single-strand specific DNA endonuclease that makes the 3' incision in DNA excision repair following UV-induced damage. The protein may also function in other cellular processes, including RNA polymerase II transcription, and transcription-coupled DNA repair. Mutations in this gene cause xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group G (XP-G), which is also referred to as xeroderma pigmentosum VII (XP7), a skin disorder characterized by hypersensitivity to UV light and increased susceptibility for skin cancer development following UV exposure. Some patients also develop Cockayne syndrome, which is characterized by severe growth defects, mental retardation, and cachexia. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream BIVM (basic, immunoglobulin-like variable motif containing) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

XPG: Single-stranded structure-specific DNA endonuclease involved in DNA excision repair. Makes the 3'incision in DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER). Acts as a cofactor for a DNA glycosylase that removes oxidized pyrimidines from DNA. May also be involved in transcription-coupled repair of this kind of damage, in transcription by RNA polymerase II, and perhaps in other processes too. Defects in ERCC5 are the cause of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group G (XP-G); also known as xeroderma pigmentosum VII (XP7). Xeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive pigmentary skin disorder characterized by solar hypersensitivity of the skin, high predisposition for developing cancers on areas exposed to sunlight and, in some cases, neurological abnormalities. Some XP-G patients present features of Cockayne syndrome, including dwarfism, sensorineural deafness, microcephaly, mental retardation, pigmentary retinopathy, ataxia, decreased nerve conduction velocities. Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. XPG subfamily. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: EC 3.1.-.-; DNA repair, damage; Deoxyribonuclease

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 13q33

Cellular Component: DNA replication factor A complex; DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme; holo TFIIH complex; nucleoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: bubble DNA binding; double-stranded DNA binding; endodeoxyribonuclease activity; metal ion binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein N-terminus binding; single-stranded DNA binding

Biological Process: DNA repair; negative regulation of apoptosis; nucleotide-excision repair; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3'-to lesion; response to UV; response to UV-C; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; UV protection

Disease: Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group G