Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) Mouse Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a nuclear receptor protein belonging to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (Ppar) family. The encoded protein is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with retinoid X receptors and binds to DNA motifs termed "peroxisome proliferator response elements" to either activate or inhibit gene expression. Mice lacking the encoded protein die at an embryonic stage due to severe defects in placental vascularization. When the embryos lacking this gene are supplemented with healthy placentas, the mutants survive to term, but succumb to lipodystrophy and multiple hemorrhages. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]

PPAR-gamma: a transcription factor, member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Receptor for hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Preferentially expressed in adipocytes as well as in vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophage. Regulator of adipogenesis and lipid metabolism, modulates insulin sensitivity, cell proliferation and inflammation. Phosphorylated and inhibited by MAP kinase. Heterodimerizes with the retinoid X receptor. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Two splice-variant isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Nuclear receptor; DNA-binding

Cellular Component: perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity; transcription activator binding; zinc ion binding; metal ion binding; WW domain binding; drug binding; alpha-actinin binding; transcription factor binding; protein phosphatase binding; arachidonic acid binding; retinoid X receptor binding; protein binding; enzyme binding; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity; DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; steroid hormone receptor activity; estrogen receptor binding; chromatin binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: fat cell differentiation; diet induced thermogenesis; regulation of fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; cell maturation; rhythmic process; glucose homeostasis; response to lipid; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; placenta development; long-chain fatty acid transport; response to food; response to light stimulus; cell fate commitment; monocyte differentiation; transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of acute inflammatory response; regulation of circadian rhythm; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of telomerase activity; cellular response to insulin stimulus; lipoprotein transport; regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of cytokine production; brown fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; fatty acid oxidation; steroid hormone mediated signaling; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; response to dietary excess; regulation of lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; low-density lipoprotein receptor biosynthetic process; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; signal transduction; negative regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; epithelial cell differentiation; regulation of blood pressure; inflammatory response; caspase activation; response to retinoic acid; intracellular receptor-mediated signaling pathway; response to low density lipoprotein stimulus; positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation; white fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of cell growth