C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CXCR4) Mouse Recombinant Protein

CXCR4: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival. Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus. Monomer. Can form dimers. Interacts with CD164. Interacts with HIV-1 surface protein gp120 and Tat. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with ARRC; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and modulates calcium mobilization. Interacts (via the cytoplasmic C-terminal) with ITCH (via the WW domains I and II); the interaction, enhanced by CXCL12, ubiquitinates CXCR4 and leads to its degradation. Interacts with extracellular ubiquitin. Interacts with human cytomegalovirus/HHV- 5 protein UL78. Expressed in numerous tissues, such as peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, spinal cord, heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, cerebellum, cerebral cortex and medulla (in microglia as well as in astrocytes), brain microvascular, coronary artery and umbilical cord endothelial cells. Isoform 1 is predominant in all tissues tested. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Receptor, GPCR; GPCR, family 1; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral

Cellular Component: cell surface; growth cone; membrane; lysosome; cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicle; early endosome; late endosome; leading edge; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; intercellular junction; cytoplasmic vesicle; cell junction; endosome; external side of plasma membrane

Molecular Function: G-protein coupled receptor activity; protein binding; ubiquitin binding; signal transducer activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; cytokine binding; chemokine receptor activity; myosin light chain binding; drug binding; actin binding; C-X-C chemokine receptor activity

Biological Process: nervous system development; cell migration; regulation of chemotaxis; neutrophil activation; neuron migration; calcium-mediated signaling; motor axon guidance; regulation of calcium ion transport; regulation of programmed cell death; chemotaxis; signal transduction; regulation of cell migration; germ cell development; patterning of blood vessels; T cell proliferation; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; organ morphogenesis; ameboidal cell migration; germ cell migration; myelin maintenance; epithelial cell development; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; brain development; cardiac muscle contraction; telencephalon cell migration