40s Ribosomal Protein S3 (RPS3) Human Recombinant Protein

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit, where it forms part of the domain where translation is initiated. The protein belongs to the S3P family of ribosomal proteins. Studies of the mouse and rat proteins have demonstrated that the protein has an extraribosomal role as an endonuclease involved in the repair of UV-induced DNA damage. The protein appears to be located in both the cytoplasm and nucleus but not in the nucleolus. Higher levels of expression of this gene in colon adenocarcinomas and adenomatous polyps compared to adjacent normal colonic mucosa have been observed. This gene is co-transcribed with the small nucleolar RNA genes U15A and U15B, which are located in its first and fifth introns, respectively. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

RPS3: a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit of eukaryotes. Identified in a mRNP granule complex, at least composed of ACTB, ACTN4, DHX9, ERG, HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2B1, HNRNPAB, HNRNPD, HNRNPL, HNRNPR, HNRNPU, HSPA1, HSPA8, IGF2BP1, ILF2, ILF3, NCBP1, NCL, PABPC1, PABPC4, PABPN1, RPLP0, RPS3, RPS3A, RPS4X, RPS8, RPS9, SYNCRIP, TROVE2, YBX1 and untranslated mRNAs. Identified in a HCV IRES-mediated translation complex, at least composed of EIF3C, IGF2BP1, RPS3 and HCV RNA-replicon. Localized in cytoplasmic mRNP granules containing untranslated mRNAs. Overexpressed in colorectal cancer.

Protein type: RNA-binding; EC 4.2.99.18; Apoptosis; Translation; Ribosomal

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q13.3-q13.5

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; cytosol; dendrite; endomembrane system; focal adhesion; membrane; mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrial matrix; nucleolus; nucleus; plasma membrane; polysome; ribonucleoprotein complex; ribosome

Molecular Function: damaged DNA binding; DNA binding; DNA N-glycosylase activity; DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity; endodeoxyribonuclease activity; enzyme binding; Hsp70 protein binding; Hsp90 protein binding; iron-sulfur cluster binding; kinase binding; microtubule binding; mRNA binding; NF-kappaB binding; oxidized purine base lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity; oxidized purine DNA binding; oxidized pyrimidine DNA binding; protein binding; protein kinase A binding; protein kinase binding; RNA binding; structural constituent of ribosome; SUMO binding; transcription factor binding; tubulin binding

Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; cell division; cellular protein metabolic process; chromosome segregation; DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage; DNA repair; gene expression; mitosis; mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay; negative regulation of DNA repair; negative regulation of protein ubiquitination; negative regulation of translation; positive regulation of DNA repair; positive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity; positive regulation of JNK activity; positive regulation of microtubule polymerization; regulation of apoptosis; response to DNA damage stimulus; response to oxidative stress; selenium metabolic process; selenocysteine metabolic process; spindle assembly; SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane; transcription, DNA-dependent; translation; translational elongation; translational initiation; translational termination; viral infectious cycle; viral reproduction; viral transcription