GJA1: an integral membrane protein of the connexin family, alpha-type (group II) subfamily. Hexamers of connexin-43 form connexons, which aggregate together to form gap junctions, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph.
Protein type: Membrane protein, multi-pass; Channel, misc.; Membrane protein, integral; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis
Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; focal adhesion; contractile fiber; integral to plasma membrane; lysosome; early endosome; intermediate filament; fascia adherens; intercellular junction; cytosol; lipid raft; Golgi membrane; multivesicular body; connexon complex; mitochondrial outer membrane; membrane; cytoplasm; late endosome; apical plasma membrane; gap junction; plasma membrane; cell junction; lateral plasma membrane; endosome
Molecular Function: protein domain specific binding; protein binding; signal transducer activity; ion transmembrane transporter activity; beta-tubulin binding; SH3 domain binding; gap junction channel activity; receptor binding; PDZ domain binding
Biological Process: lens development in camera-type eye; response to peptide hormone stimulus; apoptosis; heart development; neuron migration; milk ejection; signal transduction; positive regulation of vasodilation; regulation of heart contraction; negative regulation of cell proliferation; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of glomerular filtration; negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation; response to glucose stimulus; positive regulation of striated muscle development; cell communication; heart looping; transmembrane transport; adult heart development; ATP transport; intercellular junction assembly and maintenance; chronic inflammatory response; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; gap junction assembly; epithelial cell maturation; in utero embryonic development; regulation of bone remodeling; skeletal muscle regeneration; positive regulation of insulin secretion; regulation of calcium ion transport; vascular transport; protein oligomerization; osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of protein catabolic process; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; embryonic heart tube development; blood vessel morphogenesis; embryonic digit morphogenesis; regulation of bone mineralization; neurite morphogenesis; response to pH
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