Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 (ACKR3) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. Although this protein was earlier thought to be a receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), it is now considered to be an orphan receptor, in that its endogenous ligand has not been identified. The protein is also a coreceptor for human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Translocations involving this gene and HMGA2 on chromosome 12 have been observed in lipomas. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CMKOR1: Receptor for chemokines CXCL12/SDF1 and CXCL11. Does not elicit classical chemokine receptor signaling; chemokine binding does not activate G-protein-mediated signal transduction but instead induces beta-arrestin recruitment, leading to ligand internalization and activation of MAPK signaling pathway. Acts as a scavenger for CXCL12/SDF1 and, to a lesser extent, for CXCL11. Required for regulation of CXCR4 protein levels in migrating interneurons, thereby adapting their chemokine responsiveness. In glioma cells, transduces signals via MEK/ERK pathway, mediating resistance to apoptosis. Promotes cell growth and survival. Not involved in cell migration, adhesion or proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitors but activated by CXCL11 in malignant hemapoietic cells, leading to phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1) and enhanced cell adhesion and migration. Plays a regulatory role in CXCR4-mediated activation of cell surface integrins by CXCL12. Required for heart valve development. Acts as coreceptor with CXCR4 for a restricted number of HIV isolates. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

Protein type: Receptor, GPCR; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral; GPCR, family 1

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q37.3

Cellular Component: cell surface; coated pit; early endosome; endosome; integral to membrane; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane; recycling endosome

Molecular Function: C-X-C chemokine binding; C-X-C chemokine receptor activity; coreceptor activity; protein binding; scavenger receptor activity

Biological Process: angiogenesis; cell adhesion; chemotaxis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; positive regulation of defense response to virus by host; receptor internalization; vasculogenesis; viral reproduction