C-C Motif Chemokine 3-Like 1 Protein (CCL3L1) Human Active Protein

This gene is one of several cytokine genes that are clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins that function in inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes. The protein encoded by this gene binds to several chemokine receptors, including chemokine binding protein 2 and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5). CCR5 is a co-receptor for HIV, and binding of this protein to CCR5 inhibits HIV entry. The copy number of this gene varies among individuals, where most individuals have one to six copies, and a minority of individuals have zero or more than six copies. There are conflicting reports about copy number variation of this gene and its correlation to disease susceptibility.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

CCL3L1: Chemotactic for lymphocytes and monocytes. Is a ligand for CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5. Is an inhibitor of HIV-1-infection. The processed form LD78-beta(3-70) shows a 20-fold to 30-fold higher chemotactic activity and is a very potent inhibitor of HIV-1- infection. LD78-beta(3-70) is also a ligand for CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.

Protein type: Chemokine; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q21.1

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space

Molecular Function: CCR chemokine receptor binding; chemokine activity

Biological Process: G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; inflammatory response; lymphocyte chemotaxis; monocyte chemotaxis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; neutrophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of GTPase activity

Disease: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Susceptibility To