Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (CSF2) Human Active Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. This gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GMCSF: Cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes. Belongs to the GM-CSF family.

Protein type: Cytokine; Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q31.1

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space; intracellular

Molecular Function: cytokine activity; granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding; growth factor activity; protein binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPKK activity; axon guidance; embryonic placenta development; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; epithelial fluid transport; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; insulin receptor signaling pathway; macrophage activation; MAPKKK cascade; myeloid dendritic cell differentiation; negative regulation of cytolysis; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of DNA replication; positive regulation of interleukin-23 production; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein; Ras protein signal transduction; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway