CXE1 ELISA Kits

Carboxylesterases in humans range in molecular weight from 61-65 kDa, They are glycoproteins with multiple degrees of glycosylation. They are key enzymes from the serine hydrolase superfamily. Although carboxylesterases are present in most tissues, they are highly concentrated in serum and liver. In liver, they are present in multiple subcellular fractions, with endoplasmic reticulum containing more than cytosol and lysosomes. They belong to the class of serine hydrolases that include acetylcholinesterase, which is primarily found in the blood and neural synapses. They are categorized as phase I drug-metabolizing enzymes that can hydrolyze a variety of ester-containing drugs and prodrugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and opioids (cocaine, heroin, and pethidine). It is thought that they are one of the major determinants for pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ester drugs or ester prodrugs. There are numerous polymorphisms in the gene, but none result in altered enzyme activity.

The scavenger function of in blood plasma is the principal reason for the variation in nerve gas toxicity between the species, in both the presence and absence of carbamate prophylaxis. It is part of the alpha/beta fold hydrolase family. This enzyme is known to hydrolyze aromatic and aliphatic esters and can manage cellular cholesterol esterification levels. It may also play a role in detoxification in the lung and/or protection of the central nervous system from ester or amide compounds. Play crucial roles in the metabolism of a wide variety of endogenous esters, ester-containing drugs and environmental toxicants. The key roles in both human health and xenobiotic metabolism arouse great interest in the discovery of potent modulators to regulate endobiotic metabolism or to improve the efficacy of ester drugs.