CysLT2 ELISA Kits

Cysteinyl leukotrienes are involved in airway processes, such as mucus secretion, increased vascular permeability, eosinophil chemotaxis, and bronchoconstriction. Also implicated in chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mediate their effects through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are referred to as CysLT1R and CysLT2R, based on their pharmacological characterization and functional profiling in response to a series of agonists or antagonists in different cellular and tissue systems. CysLT1R has a higher affinity for Leukotriene LTD4. It is a proinflammmatory mediator derived from arachidonic acid through various enzymatic steps, and 5-lipoxygenase is an important factor in generating LTD4. CysLT2R has a lower but equal affinity for both LTD4 and LTC4. Selective CysLT1R antagonists are used in studies of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma.

Increased expression of CysLT1R in tumors is also correlated with poor survival in patients with breast or colon cancer. The balance between the CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptor seems to be important in the disease etiology of colon cancer. The two receptors are co-localized and form both hetero-and homodimers in the human intestinal epithelial cell line. LTC4 stimulation of CysLT2R negatively regulates the cell surface expression of CysLT1R. It is upregulated in colon cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis. However, low expression of CysLT1R and high expression of CysLT2R mediate good prognosis. LTD4-induced CysLT1R signaling results in cell proliferation, survival, and migration. LTC4 stimulation of CysLT2R has also shown to induce the differentiation of colon cancer cells, and reduced expression of CysLT2R is associated with poor patient prognosis.