Migraine is the condition that presents severe throbbing pain mostly on one side of the head that is accompanied by associated symptoms. The warning sign of migraine is the aura that can occur before or with a headache which includes blind spots, tingling sensation on one side of the face or the limbs and flashes of lights. Migraines can continue through four stages known as prodrome, aura, headache and post-drome. The symptoms of prodrome include the subtle warning sign before a migraine that consists of food cravings, constipation, mood changes, increased thirst and neck stiffness. The aura can occur before or during migraines which are the symptoms of the nervous system that presents sensory, motor and verbal disturbances. During a migraine, the affected individual can experience blurred vision, pain on the side of the head that may be throbbing or pulsing, nausea, sensitivity to light and lightheadedness. The post-drome period can include the feeling of exhaustion, dizziness, moodiness and confusion. Although the exact cause of a migraine is not known, it is associated with environmental triggers, genetics and imbalances in brain chemicals. There are various types of migraines but the common ones include migraine without aura, migraine with aura, migraine aura without headache, basilar migraine, hemiplegic migraine, ophthalmoplegic migraine and vestibular migraine. The treatment of migraine consists of medications to provide relief from the symptoms and to prevent future attacks.
Migraine with aura
Individuals with this type exhibit the neurological disturbances that can develop before the headaches occur. They can experience visual disturbances, slurring of speech, confusion, muscle weakness and loss of coordination. The additional symptoms can continue the migraine aura and include intense throbbing headache, sensitivity to light and noise, nausea and stiffness of the neck.
Migraine aura without headache
Individuals affected with this type of migraine experience migraine aura without having the headache and the common symptoms are associated with visual disturbance. The symptoms include blind spots, flashing lights, slurring of speech, loss of coordination, confusion, pins and needles on one side of the body and muscular weakness.
Basilar migraine
This is a rare form that presents a loss of balance, blurred vision, difficulty with speech and loss of consciousness during a headache. This develops as the result of a problem with the circulation in the back of the brain or the neck.
Hemiplegic migraine
This is a rare and severe form of migraine that presents reversible paralysis of a single side of the body. These affected individuals often become frightened as the symptoms resemble those of a stroke.
Ophthalmoplegic migraine
This rare type develops as the result of weakness in the muscles that move the eye. In addition to the symptoms, they affected individuals also presents the inability to move the eye and the drooping of the upper eyelid.
Vestibular migraine
This occurs as the result of a problem with the coordination of sensory information transmitted to the brain from the muscles, bones, eyes and the vestibular organs within the ears. Some of the symptoms associated with this type include diminished eye focus, tinnitus, photo-sensitivity, motion problems in the eyes or body, vertigo, sensitivity to sound, panic, disorientation and muscle spasms in the upper spine area.
References
http://www.migraine.ie/types-of-migraine/vestibular-migraine/
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/symptoms-causes/dxc-20202434
https://www.migrainetrust.org/about-migraine/types-of-migraine/hemiplegic-migraine/
