Collagen XI Alpha2 (COL11A2) Antibody – Rabbit

This gene encodes one of the two alpha chains of type XI collagen, a minor fibrillar collagen. It is located on chromosome 6 very close to but separate from the gene for retinoid X receptor beta. Type XI collagen is a heterotrimer but the third alpha chain is a post-translationally modified alpha 1 type II chain. Proteolytic processing of this type XI chain produces PARP, a proline/arginine-rich protein that is an amino terminal domain. Mutations in this gene are associated with type III Stickler syndrome, otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED syndrome), Weissenbacher-Zweymuller syndrome, autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural type 13 deafness (DFNA13), and autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural type 53 deafness (DFNB53). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene is located nearby on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]

COL11A2: May play an important role in fibrillogenesis by controlling lateral growth of collagen II fibrils. Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of Stickler syndrome type 3 (STL3). STL3 is an autosomal dominant non- ocular form of Stickler syndrome. Classical Stickler syndrome associates ocular signs with more or less complete forms of Pierre Robin sequence, bone disorders and sensorineural deafness. Ocular symptoms are absent in STL3. Robin sequence includes an opening in the roof of the mouth (a cleft palate), a large tongue (macroglossia), and a small lower jaw (micrognathia). Bones are affected by slight platyspondylisis and large, often defective epiphyses. Juvenile joint laxity is followed by early signs of arthrosis. The degree of hearing loss varies among affected individuals and may become more severe over time. Syndrome expressivity is variable. Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of autosomal recessive otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED). OSMED is a skeletal dysplasia accompanied by severe hearing loss. The phenotype overlaps that of autosomal dominant skeletal disorders (Stickler and Marshall syndromes) but can be distinguished by disproportionately short limbs and lack of ocular involvement. Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of Weissenbacher- Zweymueller syndrome (WZS). WZS is an autosomal dominant disorder allelic with STL3 and OSMED. WZS is also referred to as heterozygous OSMED. Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of deafness autosomal dominant type 13 (DFNA13). DFNA13 is a form of sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information. Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of deafness autosomal recessive type 53 (DFNB53). Defects in COL11A2 are the cause of fibrochondrogenesis type 2 (FBCG2). A severe skeletal dysplasia characterized by a flat midface, short long bones, short ribs with broad metaphyses, and vertebral bodies that show distinctive hypoplastic posterior ends and rounded anterior ends, giving the vertebral bodies a pinched appearance on lateral radiographic views. The chest is small, causing perinatal respiratory problems which usually, but not always, result in lethality. Affected individuals who survive the neonatal period have high myopia, mild to moderate hearing loss, and severe skeletal dysplasia. Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family. 9 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Extracellular matrix; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p21.3

Cellular Component: collagen type XI; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; extracellular region

Molecular Function: protein binding, bridging; protein binding; metal ion binding; extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength

Biological Process: collagen catabolic process; extracellular matrix disassembly; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; sensory perception of sound; collagen fibril organization; cartilage development; soft palate development; palate development; skeletal development

Disease: Deafness, Autosomal Dominant 13; Weissenbacher-zweymuller Syndrome; Otospondylomegaepiphyseal Dysplasia; Deafness, Autosomal Recessive 53; Fibrochondrogenesis 2; Stickler Syndrome, Type Iii