Alkaline Phosphatase (ALPL) Nomascus Leucogenys Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a member of the alkaline phosphatase family of proteins. There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases: intestinal, placental, placental-like, and liver/bone/kidney (tissue non-specific). The first three are located together on chromosome 2, while the tissue non-specific form is located on chromosome 1. The product of this gene is a membrane bound glycosylated enzyme that is not expressed in any particular tissue and is, therefore, referred to as the tissue-nonspecific form of the enzyme. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature enzyme. This enzyme may play a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in this gene have been linked to hypophosphatasia, a disorder that is characterized by hypercalcemia and skeletal defects. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ALPL: This isozyme may play a role in skeletal mineralization. Defects in ALPL are a cause of hypophosphatasia (HOPS). HOPS is an inherited metabolic bone disease characterized by defective skeletal mineralization. Four hypophosphatasia forms are distinguished, depending on the age of onset: perinatal, infantile, childhood and adult type. The perinatal form is the most severe and is almost always fatal. Patients with only premature loss of deciduous teeth, but with no bone disease are regarded as having odontohypophosphatasia (odonto). Defects in ALPL are a cause of hypophosphatasia childhood type (HOPSC). Defects in ALPL are a cause of hypophosphatasia infantile type (HOPSI). Belongs to the alkaline phosphatase family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: EC 3.1.3.1; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - folate biosynthesis; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Phosphatase (non-protein); Membrane protein, GPI anchor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p36.12

Cellular Component: extracellular space; integral to membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: alkaline phosphatase activity; metal ion binding; protein binding; pyrophosphatase activity

Biological Process: dephosphorylation; endochondral ossification; osteoblast differentiation; reproductive developmental process; response to antibiotic; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to vitamin D; skeletal development

Disease: Hypophosphatasia, Adult; Hypophosphatasia, Childhood; Hypophosphatasia, Infantile