Angiopoietin-Related Protein 3 (ANGPTL3) Mouse Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a member of the angiopoietin-like family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products, which may inhibit triglyceride metabolism. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit reduced plasma lipid concentrations, including reduced plasma triglyceride concentrations, and enhanced activity of enzymes involved in triglyceride metabolism. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

Acts in part as a hepatokine that is involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism (PubMed:11788823, PubMed:12671033). Proposed to play a role in the trafficking of energy substrates to either storage or oxidative tissues in response to food intake (PubMed:26305978). Has a stimulatory effect on plasma triglycerides (TG), which is achieved by suppressing plasma TG clearance via inhibition of LPL activity; the function seems to be specific for the feeding conditions. The inhibition of LPL activity appears to be an indirect mechanism involving recruitment of proprotein convertases PCSK6 and FURIN to LPL leading to cleavage and dissociation of LPL from the cell surface; the function does not require ANGPTL3 proteolytic cleavage but seems to be mediated by the N-terminal domain, and is not inhibited by GPIHBP1 (PubMed:12909640, PubMed:16081640, PubMed:20581395). Can inhibit endothelial lipase, causing increased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and phospholipids; the cleaved N-terminal domain is more efficient than the uncleaved proprotein (PubMed:17681148). Can bind to adipocytes to activate lipolysis, releasing free fatty acids and glycerol (). Suppresses LPL specifically in oxidative tissues which is required to route very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG to white adipose tissue (WAT) for storage in response to food; the function may involve cooperation with circulating, liver-derived ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL4 expression in WAT (PubMed:26305978). Contributes to lower plasma levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol by a mechanism that is independent of the canonical pathway implicating APOE and LDLR (PubMed:25954050). May stimulate hypothalamic LPL activity (PubMed:25338813).