Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 1 (MSR1) Human Recombinant Protein

MSR1: Membrane glycoproteins implicated in the pathologic deposition of cholesterol in arterial walls during atherogenesis. Two types of receptor subunits exist. These receptors mediate the endocytosis of a diverse group of macromolecules, including modified low density lipoproteins (LDL). Isoform III does not internalize actetylated LDL. Defects in MSR1 may be a cause of prostate cancer (PC). A malignancy originating in tissues of the prostate. Most prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas that develop in the acini of the prostatic ducts. Other rare histopathologic types of prostate cancer that occur in approximately 5% of patients include small cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, prostatic ductal carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma (basaloid), signet- ring cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma. MSR1 variants may play a role in susceptibility to prostate cancer. MSR1 variants have been found in individuals with prostate cancer and co-segregate with the disease in some families. Defects in MSR1 may be a cause of Barrett esophagus (BE). A condition characterized by a metaplastic change in which normal esophageal squamous epithelium is replaced by a columnar and intestinal-type epithelium. Patients with Barrett esophagus have an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The main cause of Barrett esophagus is gastroesophageal reflux. The retrograde movement of acid and bile salts from the stomach into the esophagus causes prolonged injury to the esophageal epithelium and induces chronic esophagitis, which in turn is believed to trigger the pathologic changes. Genetic variants in MSR1 have been found in individuals with Barrett esophagus and are thought to contribute to disease susceptibility. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8p22

Cellular Component: integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: low-density lipoprotein binding; protein binding

Biological Process: cholesterol transport; receptor-mediated endocytosis

Disease: Barrett Esophagus; Prostate Cancer