Dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5) Human Alcohol Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. The encoded protein forms a homodimer. It has virtually no activity for ethanol oxidation, but exhibits high activity for oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and for oxidation of S-hydroxymethyl-glutathione, a spontaneous adduct between formaldehyde and glutathione. This enzyme is an important component of cellular metabolism for the elimination of formaldehyde, a potent irritant and sensitizing agent that causes lacrymation, rhinitis, pharyngitis, and contact dermatitis. The human genome contains several non-transcribed pseudogenes related to this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

ADH5: Class-III ADH is remarkably ineffective in oxidizing ethanol, but it readily catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and the oxidation of S-(hydroxymethyl) glutathione. Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-III subfamily.

Protein type: Lipid Metabolism - fatty acid; Carbohydrate Metabolism - glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; EC 1.1.1.284; Xenobiotic Metabolism - drug metabolism - cytochrome P450; Energy Metabolism - methane; Oxidoreductase; EC 1.1.1.1; Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - retinol; Amino Acid Metabolism - tyrosine; Mitochondrial

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q23

Cellular Component: mitochondrion; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein homodimerization activity; electron carrier activity; zinc ion binding; formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity; alcohol dehydrogenase activity; S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity; fatty acid binding

Biological Process: response to nitrosative stress; respiratory system process; ethanol catabolic process; formaldehyde catabolic process; peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to redox state; retinoid metabolic process; ethanol oxidation; positive regulation of blood pressure; aging