AXIN1 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which contains a regulation of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain and a dishevelled and axin (DIX) domain. The encoded protein interacts with adenomatosis polyposis coli, catenin beta-1, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, protein phosphate 2, and itself. This protein functions as a negative regulator of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 (WNT) signaling pathway and can induce apoptosis. The crystal structure of a portion of this protein, alone and in a complex with other proteins, has been resolved. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastomas, ovarian endometriod adenocarcinomas, and medullablastomas. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

axin 1: is a negative regulator of the Wnt pathway, which is critical in stem cell signaling, morphogenesis, the mesenchymal-epithelial transition, and many cancers. Axin-1 functions as a tumor suppressor. Probably facilitates the phosphorylation of beta-catenin and APC by GSK3B, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis. Wild-type axin 1 can induce apoptosis in hepatocellular and colorectal cancer cells. Is downregulated during progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mutation of the axin-1 gene is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, anaplastic thyroid cancer, medulloblastoma and colorectal cancer. May have a role in oncogenesis in Hodgkin lymphoma. Axin1/2 mediate cross-talk between TGF-beta and Wnt signaling pathways.

Protein type: Adaptor/scaffold; Tumor suppressor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 16p13.3

Cellular Component: beta-catenin destruction complex; cell cortex; cytoplasm; cytoplasmic microtubule; cytoplasmic vesicle; cytosol; lateral plasma membrane; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; postsynaptic density

Molecular Function: beta-catenin binding; enzyme binding; GTPase activator activity; identical protein binding; protein binding; protein complex scaffold; protein homodimerization activity; protein kinase binding; signal transducer activity; SMAD binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Biological Process: activation of JNK activity; activation of protein kinase activity; axial mesoderm formation; cell death; cellular protein complex assembly; cytoplasmic microtubule organization and biogenesis; determination of left/right symmetry; dorsal/ventral axis specification; embryonic eye morphogenesis; forebrain anterior/posterior pattern formation; muscle cell development; negative regulation of fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; olfactory placode formation; optic placode formation; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein catabolic process; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity; proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Wnt receptor signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin

Disease: Caudal Duplication Anomaly; Hepatocellular Carcinoma