Glucose Transporter 4 (SLC2A4) ELISA Kit for Human

This gene is a member of the solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter) family and encodes a protein that functions as an insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter. In the absence of insulin, this integral membrane protein is sequestered within the cells of muscle and adipose tissue. Within minutes of insulin stimulation, the protein moves to the cell surface and begins to transport glucose across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GLUT4: an integral membrane facilitative glucose transporter. One of 13 members of the human equilibrative glucose transport protein family. Its surface expression is regulated by insulin. Has two internalization sequences, a dileucine repeat present in the C-terminus and a FxxY motif in the amino-terminal end. Associates with an intracellular tubulo-vesicular compartment under low plasma conditions. The binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (a typosine kinase) leads to the rapid translocation of GLUT4 to the cell surface, increasing cellular glucose transport activity. Its translocation to the plasma membrane is also stimulated by exercise, but independent from insulin signaling. This insulin-independent pathway may be regulated by AMPK.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Transporter; Transporter, SLC family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17p13.1

Cellular Component: clathrin-coated pit; clathrin-coated vesicle; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; cytosol; endomembrane system; external side of plasma membrane; extracellular exosome; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane; membrane raft; multivesicular body; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane; T-tubule; trans-Golgi network transport vesicle; vesicle membrane

Molecular Function: D-glucose transmembrane transporter activity; glucose transmembrane transporter activity; protein binding

Biological Process: amylopectin biosynthetic process; brown fat cell differentiation; carbohydrate metabolic process; cellular response to hypoxia; cellular response to insulin stimulus; cellular response to osmotic stress; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; glucose homeostasis; glucose import; glucose import in response to insulin stimulus; glucose transmembrane transport; glucose transport; response to ethanol

Disease: Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-dependent