NCAM-L1 / L1CAM Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is an axonal glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin supergene family. The ectodomain, consisting of several immunoglobulin-like domains and fibronectin-like repeats (type III), is linked via a single transmembrane sequence to a conserved cytoplasmic domain. This cell adhesion molecule plays an important role in nervous system development, including neuronal migration and differentiation. Mutations in the gene cause X-linked neurological syndromes known as CRASH (corpus callosum hypoplasia, retardation, aphasia, spastic paraplegia and hydrocephalus). Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants, some of which include an alternate exon that is considered to be specific to neurons. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

Function: Cell adhesion molecule with an important role in the development of the nervous system. Involved in neuron-neuron adhesion, neurite fasciculation, outgrowth of neurites, etc. Binds to axonin on neurons.

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Involvement in disease: Hydrocephalus due to stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius (HSAS) [MIM:307000]: Hydrocephalus is a condition in which abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain causes increased intracranial pressure inside the skull. This is usually due to blockage of cerebrospinal fluid outflow in the brain ventricles or in the subarachnoid space at the base of the brain. In children is typically characterized by enlargement of the head, prominence of the forehead, brain atrophy, mental deterioration, and convulsions. In adults the syndrome includes incontinence, imbalance, and dementia. HSAS is characterized by mental retardation and enlarged brain ventricles.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. L1CAM mutations have also been found in few patients affected by hydrocephalus with Hirschsprung disease, suggesting a role of this gene acting either in a direct or indirect way in the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung disease (Ref.45). Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.26 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.30 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.39 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.45Mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, and adducted thumbs syndrome (MASA) [MIM:303350]: An X-linked recessive syndrome with a highly variable clinical spectrum. Main clinical features include spasticity and hyperreflexia of lower limbs, shuffling gait, mental retardation, aphasia and adducted thumbs. The features of spasticity have been referred to as complicated spastic paraplegia type 1 (SPG1). Some patients manifest corpus callosum hypoplasia and hydrocephalus. Inter- and intrafamilial variability is very wide, such that patients with hydrocephalus, MASA, SPG1, and agenesis of corpus callosum can be present within the same family.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.32 Ref.33 Ref.36 Ref.38 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.44 Ref.45Spastic paraplegia 1, X-linked (SPG1) [MIM:303350]: A form of spastic paraplegia, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a slow, gradual, progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs. Rate of progression and the severity of symptoms are quite variable. Initial symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, muscle spasms, and dragging the toes when walking. In some forms of the disorder, bladder symptoms (such as incontinence) may appear, or the weakness and stiffness may spread to other parts of the body.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.41 Ref.45Defects in L1CAM may contribute to Hirschsprung disease by modifying the effects of Hirschsprung disease-associated genes to cause intestinal aganglionosis. Ref.41 Ref.45Agenesis of the corpus callosum, X-linked, partial (ACCPX) [MIM:304100]: A syndrome characterized by partial corpus callosum agenesis, hypoplasia of inferior vermis and cerebellum, mental retardation, seizures and spasticity. Other features include microcephaly, unusual facies, and Hirschsprung disease in some patients.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.41 Ref.43 Ref.45

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family.Contains 5 fibronectin type-III domains.Contains 6 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains.