Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase (AKR1C2) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols using NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme binds bile acid with high affinity, and shows minimal 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

Function: Works in concert with the 5-alpha/5-beta-steroid reductases to convert steroid hormones into the 3-alpha/5-alpha and 3-alpha/5-beta-tetrahydrosteroids. Catalyzes the inactivation of the most potent androgen 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5-alpha-DHT) to 5-alpha-androstane-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Has a high bile-binding ability. Ref.11

Catalytic activity: Trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol + NADP+ = catechol + NADPH. Ref.11A 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid + NAD(P)+ = a 3-oxosteroid + NAD(P)H. Ref.11

Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by hexestrol with an IC50 of 2.8 µM, 1,10-phenanthroline with an IC50 of 2100 µM, 1,7-phenanthroline with an IC50 of 1500 µM, flufenamic acid with an IC50 of 0.9 µM, indomethacin with an IC50 of 75 µM, ibuprofen with an IC50 of 6.9 µM, lithocholic acid with an IC50 of 0.07 µM, ursodeoxycholic acid with an IC50 of 0.08 µM and chenodeoxycholic acid with an IC50 of 0.13 µM. Ref.11

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

Potential.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in fetal testes. Expressed in fetal and adult adrenal glands. Ref.13

Involvement in disease: 46,XY sex reversal 8 (SRXY8) [MIM:614279]: A disorder of sex development. Affected individuals have a 46,XY karyotype but present as phenotypically normal females.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.13

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.

Biophysicochemical propertiesKinetic parameters:KM=260 µM for (s)-tetralol Ref.11KM=520 µM for (s)-indan-1-olKM=5000 µM for benzene dihydrodiolKM=1 µM for 5-beta-pregnane-3-alpha,20-alpha-diolKM=208 µM for 9-alpha,11-beta-PGF2KM=0.3 µM for 5-beta-androstane-3,17-dioneKM=79 µM for PGD2