ApoC-III Native Protein

Apolipoprotein C-III is a very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) protein. APOC3 inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase; it is thought to delay catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles. The APOA1, APOC3 and APOA4 genes are closely linked in both rat and human genomes. The A-I and A-IV genes are transcribed from the same strand, while the A-1 and C-III genes are convergently transcribed. An increase in apoC-III levels induces the development of hypertriglyceridemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

APOC3: Inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase and decreases the uptake of lymph chylomicrons by hepatic cells. This suggests that it delays the catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles. Defects in APOC3 are the cause of hyperalphalipoproteinemia type 2 (HALP2). HALP2 is a condition characterized by high levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and increased HDL cholesterol levels. Belongs to the apolipoprotein C3 family.

Protein type: Secreted; Lipid-binding; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q23.3

Cellular Component: extracellular space; chylomicron; early endosome; extracellular region

Molecular Function: lipase inhibitor activity; cholesterol binding; phospholipid binding; enzyme regulator activity

Biological Process: response to drug; phototransduction, visible light; cholesterol metabolic process; response to peptide hormone stimulus; regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction; lipoprotein metabolic process; cholesterol efflux; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; cholesterol homeostasis; triacylglycerol metabolic process; reverse cholesterol transport; phospholipid efflux; negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; lipoprotein transport; triacylglycerol catabolic process; negative regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity; negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis; negative regulation of lipid metabolic process; inflammatory response; retinoid metabolic process; triacylglycerol mobilization; response to nutrient; negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process

Disease: Apolipoprotein C-iii Deficiency