Synphilin-1 (SNCAIP) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a protein containing several protein-protein interaction domains, including ankyrin-like repeats, a coiled-coil domain, and an ATP/GTP-binding motif. The encoded protein interacts with alpha-synuclein in neuronal tissue and may play a role in the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions and neurodegeneration. A mutation in this gene has been associated with Parkinson's disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of only two have been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

SNCAIP: Isoform 2 inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of SIAH1 and inhibits proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Isoform 2 inhibits autoubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIAH1, and thereby increases cellular levels of SIAH. Isoform 2 modulates SNCA monoubiquitination by SIAH1. Defects in SNCAIP may be a cause of Parkinson disease (PARK). A complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, muscular rigidity and postural instability. Additional features are characteristic postural abnormalities, dysautonomia, dystonic cramps, and dementia. The pathology of Parkinson disease involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies (intraneuronal accumulations of aggregated proteins), in surviving neurons in various areas of the brain. The disease is progressive and usually manifests after the age of 50 years, although early-onset cases (before 50 years) are known. The majority of the cases are sporadic suggesting a multifactorial etiology based on environmental and genetic factors. However, some patients present with a positive family history for the disease. Familial forms of the disease usually begin at earlier ages and are associated with atypical clinical features. 6 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Vesicle

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q23.2

Cellular Component: presynaptic membrane; synaptic vesicle; cell soma; cytoplasm

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Biological Process: regulation of neurotransmitter secretion; dopamine metabolic process

Disease: Parkinson Disease, Late-onset