Cytokeratin 18 (KRT18) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

KRT18 encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

Function: Involved in the uptake of thrombin-antithrombin complexes by hepatic cells

By similarity. When phosphorylated, plays a role in filament reorganization. Involved in the delivery of mutated CFTR to the plasma membrane. Together with KRT8, is involved in interleukin-6 (IL-6)-mediated barrier protection. Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.22 Ref.25 Ref.27

Subunit structure: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Keratin-18 associates with keratin-8. Interacts with the thrombin-antithrombin complex

By similarity. Interacts with PNN, HCV core protein and mutated CFTR. Interacts with YWHAE, YWHAH and YWHAZ only when phosphorylated. Interacts with DNAJB6, TCHP and TRADD. Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.22 Ref.23

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm › perinuclear region Ref.22 Ref.25.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in colon, placenta, liver and very weakly in exocervix. Increased expression observed in lymph nodes of breast carcinoma. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.27

Induction: By IL6/interleukin-6. Ref.27

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylation at Ser-34 increases during mitosis. Hyperphosphorylated at Ser-53 in diseased cirrhosis liver. Phosphorylation increases by IL-6. Ref.11 Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.27 Ref.28 Ref.29 Ref.30 Ref.31Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during epithelial cell apoptosis. Cleavage occurs at Asp-238 by either caspase-3, caspase-6 or caspase-7. Ref.15O-glycosylated at multiple sites; glycans consist of single N-acetylglucosamine residues. Ref.10 Ref.12

Involvement in disease: Defects in KRT18 are a cause of cirrhosis (CIRRH) [

MIM:215600]. Ref.34 Ref.35

Miscellaneous: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.