ADAM-19 Antibody – Rat Monoclonal

This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family of endopeptidases. The encoded protein may play a role in the ectodomain shedding of neuregulin proteins. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit heart development defects and perinatal lethality. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that undergoes proteolytic processing to generate a mature protein product. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

Function: Participates in the proteolytic processing of beta-type neuregulin isoforms which are involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, suggesting a regulatory role in glial cell. Also cleaves alpha-2 macroglobulin. May be involved in osteoblast differentiation and/or osteoblast activity in bone

By similarity. Ref.4

Cofactor: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit

By similarity.

Subunit structure: Interacts with SH3PXD2A

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, with the highest expression in bone, heart and lung, followed by brain and spleen and relatively low expression in liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. In bone, primarily expressed in cell of the osteoblast lineage and not detected in mature osteoclasts.

Developmental stage: Expressed in the heart and in the tail bud at 8.0 dpc, and then in the cranial and dorsal root ganglia. Also expressed weakly and transiently in the intestine, lung and in bone marrow. Ref.2

Induction: By calcitriol and during osteoblast differentiation.

Domain: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.

Post-translational modification: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase

By similarity.

Sequence similarities: Contains 1 disintegrin domain.Contains 1 EGF-like domain.Contains 1 peptidase M12B domain.