I-TAC Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Chemokines are a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Chemokines are divided into 2 major subfamilies, CXC and CC. This gene is a CXC member of the chemokine superfamily. Its encoded protein induces a chemotactic response in activated T-cells and is the dominant ligand for CXC receptor-3. The gene encoding this protein contains 4 exons and at least three polyadenylation signals which might reflect cell-specific regulation of expression. IFN-gamma is a potent inducer of transcription of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Chemotactic for interleukin-activated T-cells but not unstimulated T-cells, neutrophils or monocytes. Induces calcium release in activated T-cells. Binds to CXCR3. May play an important role in CNS diseases which involve T-cell recruitment. May play a role in skin immune responses.

Subcellular location: Secreted.

Tissue specificity: High levels in peripheral blood leukocytes, pancreas and liver astrocytes. Moderate levels in thymus, spleen and lung. Low levels in placenta, prostate and small intestine. Also found in epidermal basal layer keratinocytes in skin disorders.

Induction: By IFNG/IFN-gamma and IFNB1/IFN-beta. Induction by IFNG/IFN-gamma is enhanced by TNF in monocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and by IL1/interleukin-1 in astrocytes.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.

Mass spectrometry: Molecular mass is 8303 Da from positions 22 - 94. Determined by MALDI. Ref.4

Sequence caution: The sequence AAB17374.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.