TIMP1 (Metalloproteinase Inhibitor 1) (TIMP1) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene belongs to the TIMP gene family. The proteins encoded by this gene family are natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. Transcription of this gene is highly inducible in response to many cytokines and hormones. In addition, the expression from some but not all inactive X chromosomes suggests that this gene inactivation is polymorphic in human females. This gene is located within intron 6 of the synapsin I gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TIMP1: Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor. Also mediates erythropoiesis in vitro; but, unlike IL-3, it is species-specific, stimulating the growth and differentiation of only human and murine erythroid progenitors. Known to act on MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-12, MMP-13 and MMP-16. Does not act on MMP-14. Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xp11.3-p11.23

Cellular Component: proteinaceous extracellular matrix; extracellular space; extracellular region; basement membrane

Molecular Function: metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity; protein binding; protease binding; growth factor activity; metal ion binding; cytokine activity

Biological Process: response to peptide hormone stimulus; platelet activation; negative regulation of metalloenzyme activity; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; response to hormone stimulus; negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; extracellular matrix disassembly; platelet degranulation; response to cytokine stimulus; positive regulation of cell proliferation; blood coagulation; aging; negative regulation of apoptosis