HLA Class II Histocompatibility Antigen Gamma Chain (CD74) ELISA Kit for Human

The protein encoded by this gene associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for immune response. It also serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which, when bound to the encoded protein, initiates survival pathways and cell proliferation. This protein also interacts with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and suppresses the production of amyloid beta (Abeta). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

CD74: Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. A chromosomal aberration involving CD74 is found in a non-small cell lung tumor. Results in the formation of a CD74- ROS1 chimeric protein. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Endoplasmic reticulum; Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, cytokine

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5q32

Cellular Component: cell surface; Golgi membrane; integral to membrane; intracellular; lysosomal lumen; lysosomal membrane; membrane; MHC class II protein complex; plasma membrane; trans-Golgi network membrane; vacuole

Molecular Function: beta-amyloid binding; cytokine binding; hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor activity; identical protein binding; MHC class II protein binding; MHC class II protein binding, via antigen binding groove; protein binding

Biological Process: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; cell proliferation; immunoglobulin mediated immune response; intracellular protein transport; leukocyte migration; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; negative regulation of peptide secretion; positive regulation of B cell proliferation; positive regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; protein complex assembly; signal transduction