Apolipoprotein AII (ApoA2) Protein

This gene encodes apolipoprotein (apo-) A-II, which is the second most abundant protein of the high density lipoprotein particles. The protein is found in plasma as a monomer, homodimer, or heterodimer with apolipoprotein D. Defects in this gene may result in apolipoprotein A-II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

APOA2: May stabilize HDL (high density lipoprotein) structure by its association with lipids, and affect the HDL metabolism. Belongs to the apolipoprotein A2 family.

Protein type: Lipid-binding; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide; Endoplasmic reticulum

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q23.3

Cellular Component: chylomicron; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; early endosome; extracellular region; cytosol

Molecular Function: lipid transporter activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; lipase inhibitor activity; protein heterodimerization activity; cholesterol transporter activity; cholesterol binding; phospholipid binding; phosphatidylcholine binding; high-density lipoprotein binding; lipid binding; apolipoprotein receptor binding

Biological Process: positive regulation of catalytic activity; phototransduction, visible light; protein folding; viral reproduction; negative regulation of cholesterol transport; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; regulation of protein stability; diacylglycerol catabolic process; positive regulation of lipid catabolic process; cellular lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of lipase activity; regulation of cholesterol absorption; phospholipid efflux; negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; response to glucose stimulus; retinoid metabolic process; response to drug; cholesterol metabolic process; organ regeneration; protein amino acid oxidation; phospholipid catabolic process; positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process; cholesterol efflux; lipoprotein metabolic process; negative regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response; cholesterol homeostasis; reverse cholesterol transport; triacylglycerol metabolic process; response to estrogen stimulus; peptidyl-methionine modification; phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process; acute inflammatory response

Disease: Hypercholesterolemia, Familial