Pro-Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Mouse Active Protein

This gene encodes epidermal growth factor (EGF), the founding member of the EGF family of growth factors that are implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation. The encoded protein can localize to the membrane and function in juxtacrine signaling or undergo proteolytic processing to generate a soluble form of the hormone. Mice lacking the encoded protein do not exhibit an abnormal phenotype but transgenic mice overexpressing the encoded protein exhibit hypospermatogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

EGF: EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6. Defects in EGF are the cause of hypomagnesemia type 4 (HOMG4); also known as renal hypomagnesemia normocalciuric. HOMG4 is a disorder characterized by massive renal hypomagnesemia and normal levels of serum calcium and calcium excretion. Clinical features include seizures, mild-to mederate psychomotor retardation, and brisk tendon reflexes. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Hormone; Ligand, receptor tyrosine kinase; Membrane protein, integral

Cellular Component: extracellular space; lysosomal membrane; plasma membrane; receptor complex

Molecular Function: epidermal growth factor receptor binding; growth factor activity; protein binding; protein-tyrosine kinase activity; Wnt receptor activity; Wnt-protein binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPK activity; activation of MAPKK activity; angiogenesis; branching morphogenesis of a tube; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of secretion; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of DNA binding; positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of mitosis; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphorylation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; regulation of protein secretion; regulation of protein transport; STAT protein nuclear translocation; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin