SHP-2 Active Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains two tandem Src homology-2 domains, which function as phospho-tyrosine binding domains and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is widely expressed in most tissues and plays a regulatory role in various cell signaling events that are important for a diversity of cell functions, such as mitogenic activation, metabolic control, transcription regulation, and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are a cause of Noonan syndrome as well as acute myeloid leukemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

SHP-2: a SH2-containing a ubiquitously expressed tyrosine-specific protein phosphatase. It participates in signaling events downstream of receptors for growth factors, cytokines, hormones, antigens and extracellular matrices in the control of cell growth, differentiation, migration, and death. Activation of SHP-2 and its association with Gab1 is critical for sustained Erk activation downstream of several growth factor receptors and cytokines.

Protein type: EC 3.1.3.48; Protein phosphatase, tyrosine (non-receptor); Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q24

Cellular Component: protein complex; mitochondrion; cytoplasm; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein domain specific binding; protein binding; phospholipase binding; SH3/SH2 adaptor activity; peptide hormone receptor binding; insulin receptor substrate binding; non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; receptor tyrosine kinase binding; phosphoprotein phosphatase activity; D1 dopamine receptor binding; insulin receptor binding

Biological Process: axon guidance; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; hormone-mediated signaling; activation of MAPK activity; heart development; platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle; reproductive process in a multicellular organism; glucose homeostasis; regulation of protein export from nucleus; negative regulation of insulin secretion; regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; abortive mitotic cell cycle; inner ear development; negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; negative regulation of growth hormone secretion; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; integrin-mediated signaling pathway; phosphoinositide-mediated signaling; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of hormone secretion; regulation of multicellular organism growth; negative regulation of cortisol secretion; organ growth; genitalia development; triacylglycerol metabolic process; DNA damage checkpoint; T cell costimulation; insulin receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; hormone metabolic process; brain development; platelet formation; blood coagulation; leukocyte migration

Disease: Metachondromatosis; Noonan Syndrome 1; Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Leopard Syndrome 1